IELTS対策コラム

IELTSリスニング対策 必須!テクニック 「パラフレーズ」


「パラフレーズ」は元の文章を他の語彙や英語表現を用いて違う表現

に置き換えるテクニックです。


「パラフレーズ―言い換え」は、IELTSのリスニング問題にも頻繁に使用されています。


問題文で聞こえてきた単語や内容が、違う単語や表現で解答の選択肢で出てきます。


このパラフレーズを理解しておくことで、正答率を上げることができます。


パラフレーズにはいくつか方法があります。

There are several ways to paraphrase.


▮ 単語を変える (Changing word forms)

Andrew Johnson replaced Jack Sullivan as the hero.

    ➔ Andrew Johnson was Jack Sullivan’s replacement as the hero.


▮ 同義語で言い換える (Substituting synonyms)

Helen Davies is the most famous person in this town.

  ➔ Helen Davies is the most well-known person in this town.


肯定文と否定文は、次のように言い換えることができます。

Affirmative and negative sentences can be paraphrased as follows:


▮ 動詞を肯定から否定、または否定から肯定に言い換える

Paraphrase a verb from affirmative to negative or negative to affirmative


 The meeting was difficult.

➔ The meeting wasn’t easy. 


▮ both…and,   neither… nor を使って言い換える

Both Human Resources and the Finance Department were unaffected

when the company was taken over. 


➔ Neither Human Resources nor the Finance Department were affected

when the company was taken over. 


▮ more than/less than を使って言い換える

Bob earns more money than Paul.

➔ Paul earns less money than Bob. 


▮ 文章の単語を並び替えることで情報を言い換える

Paraphrase information by rearranging the words in a sentence


 Most people want to gain promotion at work so they can 

progress in their careers.


➔ In order to progress in their careers, most 

people want to gain promotion. 



練習問題 Practice


(  )の中の単語を使って言い換えてみましょう。

Let’s paraphrase using the words in (  ).

1.The new software is more time-consuming than the old software. (time-efficient)

2.Working in a bank is less interesting than working in a hotel. (more interesting) 

3.Neither managers nor staff in the catering industry earn high salaries. (both/ low) 

4.Most of the company’s employees have little experience in IT. (only a few) 

5.The staff kitchen is usually dirty. (often/ clean) 

6.The meeting was managed badly. (wasn’t/ well) 



解答 Answer

1.The new software is less time-efficient than the old software.

2.Working in a hotel is more interesting than working in a bank. 

3.Both managers and staff in the catering industry earn low salaries. 

4.Only a few of the company’s employees have (any/ some/ a lot of) experience in IT. 

5.The staff kitchen isn’t often clean. 

6.The meeting wasn’t managed well.